Summary
This paper proposes a comprehensive standardization plan for future digital services at seaports, grouped under the term “C-Ports”. It categorizes port innovations into four vertical bundles: Vessel & Marine Navigation, e-Freight & Intermodal Logistics, Passenger Transport, and Environmental Sustainability. It introduces a standardized innovation metric called the C-Port Vector and presents a detailed case study from the Port of Livorno, demonstrating real-world implementation through the MoniCA architecture.

The paper emphasizes interoperability, microservices, 5G, AI/ML, and blockchain as key enablers of smart port operations. It also proposes a Day 1/1.5/2 classification for service maturity, mirroring EU C-ITS standards.

Why I Recommend It
This article is essential reading for anyone exploring the intersection of digital transformation and logistics. It brings clarity to an otherwise fragmented port ICT landscape and gives a structured framework for future research on smart ports and interoperable systems.

Keywords: Smart Port Index, C-Port Services, Port of the Future, 5G Maritime, Livorno Port, Blockchain Logistics, Digital Maritime Standards